<p>The Washington County Courthouse is a courthouse in Fayetteville, Arkansas, United States, the county seat of Washington County, built in 1905. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. The courthouse is the fifth building to serve Washington County, with the prior buildings located near the Old Post Office on the Historic Square. The building is one of the prominent historic buildings that compose the Fayetteville skyline, in addition to Old Main.</p><br>
<p>A new building was acquired in 1989 to better serve Washington County&#39;s county administration needs. The present-day courthouse is located at the intersection of College Avenue and Dickson Street, just north of historic building. Most county offices are located in the new building, with the historic courthouse serving as a repository for county records.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Washington County was established on October 17, 1828 by the Arkansas General Assembly. The county seat was established at Washington, which was later renamed Fayetteville after confusion with Washington, Arkansas in South Arkansas.</p><br>
<h3>Planning</h3><br>
<p>The courthouse first became a reality when County Judge Millard Berry was elected into office in 1900. He was aware of the need for a new courthouse, and when the Courthouse and Jail Committee of the Levying Court deemed the current 1868 brick courthouse "unfitted for the business of the county, unsafe and not worthy of repair", the Judge proposed raising money for a new building. In 1902, the City of Fayetteville passed a resolution giving $5,000 to the Courthouse Sinking Fund in exchange for office space within the new building, a 99-year rental of the Fayetteville Public Square, and an agreement to build the courthouse 1½ blocks away from the Square. The courthouse was eventually built along the former Butterfield Overland Mail route near a former stagecoach stop. The route had been instrumental in growing Fayetteville in the mid–1800s.</p><br>
<p>Judge Berry fell ill with typhoid fever while investigating surrounding Arkansas and Missouri courthouses, and appointed J.H. McIlroy to proceed with the building. In 1904, McIlroy acquired the services of Little Rock architect Charles L. Thompson, who had already worked on many buildings in the Little Rock area. The budget for the courthouse was increased to $100,000, but was contracted for slightly less to George Donaghey of Conway.</p><br>
<h3>Construction</h3><br>
<p>The cornerstone was laid on October 1, 1904, with over 2,000 people attending the ceremony. A time capsule, containing coins, documents and newspapers was also set. Limestone was brought in from Carroll and Madison Counties, furniture and carpets were purchased from the People’s Furniture Store of Fayetteville, a water system was installed by Fayetteville Water Company, and a new septic system was installed by Duggan Brothers. Smoking was prohibited, and spittoons were placed throughout in the interest of preserving the building. A typewriter was used for record keeping. Circuit court first met in the courthouse in April 1905, weeks prior to the official opening on May 4.</p><br>
<h3>Early use</h3><br>
<p>The courthouse had many construction problems in its early years, including the closing of the hydraulic elevator, rotting of basement floorboards, birds in the bell tower, and eventually too many occupants. After relations and space grew tighter, the County Judge ordered the sheriff to evict all City of Fayetteville workers from their offices in 1927. The city appealed to the Circuit Judge, who sided with the County. The Fayetteville-occupied offices were emptied by 1928, but structural problems continued to plague the building. After repairing the roof three times in the 1920s, the courthouse&#39;s structural problems began to fall out of official record. The 1934 Quorum Court meetings took place in the Arkansas National Guard Armory immediately to the south between the courthouse and the County Jail, possibly due to courthouse structural problems kept quiet by the Great Depression.</p><br>
<p>The Works Progress Administration praised the courthouse during a 1936 audit, mentioning the tidy offices and public access to records. The WPA also warned that record space was dwindling, as the vaults were almost full. This was partially due to heroic actions during the Civil War, when county records were stored in a cave near Black Oak while the second courthouse was burned. As a result, Washington County held more records than most counties in the area. A 1945 proposal to construct a new courthouse was voted down by citizens who pointed out that Washington County still owed money to George Donaghey from the 1904 construction, and felt the current building was not being maximized.</p><br>
<p>County Judge Witt Carter ordered the front steps of the courthouse be moved in 1947 to enable the widening and straghtening of College Avenue (USA Route 71B). The following year, a grand jury reproached the county for poorly maintaining the structure, including unsanitary bathrooms, fire traps, attic storage, and using the boiler room as storage. The roof was repaired again, and the courthouse again had complaints about too little space.</p><br>
<h3>Later use</h3><br>
<p>Parking became scarce in the 1950s and County Judge Arthur Martin attempted to raise support for a new courthouse and jail. The grand jury returned to cite a non-fireproof vault, poor heating/cooling systems, dangerous electrical systems, inadequate office space, and records in hallways, outdoor porches, or missing. The following year, the clock tower "steeple" was deemed dangerous and was removed. Washington County purchased the adjacent National Guard Armory in December 1968. The courthouse began incremental improvements under County Judge Vol Lester, who was instrumental to the National Register of Historic Places listing the property in 1972. The county took advantage of federal programs to build a bomb shelter to store county records in the 1970s, which relieved stress on many of the vaults. Despite these improvements, a grand jury report from the 1970s states "the building now resembles a rabbit-warren" and "the Washington County Courthouse in Fayetteville is a disgrace".</p><br>
<p>The 273rd Aviation Company from Fort Sill, Oklahoma returned the clock tower in 1974, using the largest helicopter in the western world. The fourth floor was renovated into a courtroom, but by 1979, the vaults were again too small. Newly elected County Judge Charles Johnson began large renovations, including brand-new plumbing, and removal of ad hoc offices which had been built in the hallways. An even larger renovation began in 1989 with architecture firm Witsell, Evans & Rosco. On December 12, 1989, the county purchased the First South Centre at 280 North College Avenue for $3.3 million. The First South Centre became the Washington County Courthouse in 1994, and the transition was complete in 1995.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The courthouse contains three stories and a basement, a grand staircase, and hydraulic elevator. The basement (first floor) housed the offices promised to the City of Fayetteville, including the mayor. The second floor housed court clerks, the county judge, a vault, and three outdoor porches. The third floor housed a large courtroom with a slanted floor, jury rooms, judge chambers, and a porch. The fourth floor contained a balcony over the courtroom and access to the clock/bell tower. The courthouse features round-top arches over its windows, porches, and grand entrance, round towers with conical roofs, and brickwork, each characteristic of Richardsonian Romanesque architecture. Inside, the building contains glazed brick fireplaces in all offices, and ceramic mosaic floor tiles in all foyers and corridors. There is a mural dedicated to those Washington County persons who died in World War I, completed in 1920 by William Steene. The building also contains the Freedom Shrine, housing replicas of many important freedom documents such as the Mayflower Compact and the Declaration of Independence.</p><br>
<p>The Governor Bent House is the historic home of Governor Charles Bent who served as the first United States territorial governor of New Mexico.</p><br>
<h2>Charles Bent</h2><br>
<p>In 1846 Charles Bent was appointed Governor of the territory of New Mexico during the Mexican-American War. An Anglo-American government rule was culture shock to the Native Americans who had lived in the land for many centuries and then coexisted with Hispanic people during Spanish colonization and then possession by Mexico. Protesting American&#39;s possession of the territory, an angry mob descended on his home in January, 1847 and killed Governor Bent, survived by his wife and children who escaped through a hole in the adobe wall to the neighboring home.</p><br>
<p>Prior to becoming governor, Bent was a well-respected trader who owned a number of wagon trains on the Santa Fe Trail and trading posts in Santa Fe and Taos. He traded with frontier mountain men, exchanging supplies for furs and buffalo hides.</p><br>
<h2>Museum</h2><br>
<p>Located just north of the Taos Plaza The museum also has works of local artists.</p><br>
<p>The building is Spanish Pueblo Revival / Hispanic Vernacular built about 1835 of adobe stucco over adobe bricks and wooden framed building. The building is on the State Register of Cultural Properties since 1969 and the National Register of Historic Places. The building is occupied by the museum, an art gallery and rental units.</p><br>
<p>Strode-Morrison-Tabler House and Farm is a historic home located near Hedgesville, Berkeley County, West Virginia. It is a farmhouse of brick, limestone, and wood construction that began in 1752 as a single-story, side-gable, two-bay cottage of rubble limestone that subsequently underwent several additions during the 19th century. These additions include a brick upper story added to the original house and a three-bay, limestone addition constructed about 1830. This limestone addition became the principal section of the house. A wood frame addition was built along the rear of the house by the end of the 19th century. Also on the property are four sheds / outbuildings , a garage , and barn complex .</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2006.</p><br>
<p>Aurlandsfjord  is a fjord in Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway. The fjord flows through the municipalities of Aurland, Vik, and Lærdal. The 29 km long fjord is a branch off of the main Sognefjorden, Norway&#39;s longest fjord. The fjord is deep and narrow, reaching a depth of about 962 m below sea level, and its width is generally less than 2 km wide. About 11 km south of the mouth of the fjord, the Nærøyfjord branches off from it to the west. The village of Flåm sits at the innermost part of the Aurlandsfjord; other villages along the fjord are Aurlandsvangen and Undredal. Most of the fjord is surrounded by up to 1,800 m tall, steep mountains with little habitation along the fjord except for in a few small valleys.</p><br>
<p>Large parts of the fjord is included in the Nærøyfjord section of the West Norwegian Fjords UNESCO world heritage site.</p><br>
<p>The George W. Frank House is a historic mansion located in Kearney, Nebraska, United States. The house was built in 1889 by George W. Frank. Since 1971 the property has been owned by Kearney State College, now the University of Nebraska at Kearney. In 1973, the house was placed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The Frank House is located in Kearney at 2010 University Drive, on the west end of the University of Nebraska Kearney campus. The house was completed in 1889 at a cost of about $40,000. It was the first house west of the Missouri River to be wired for electricity during the construction of the house. The house is of Richardsonian Romanesque design, with Colorado red sandstone from Wyoming. The exterior stone walls are 18 in thick, while the interior supporting walls are 14 in thick and made of brick. The house has 14,000 ft&sup2; of living space, with three floors and a basement. The Frank House originally had ten fireplaces, seven of which remain. The largest of the fireplaces is located in the drawing room. The extensive interior woodwork is English Golden Oak, done by a local carpenter named John Peter Lindbeck, a certified master carver. Many of his woodcarving designs are repeated elsewhere throughout the interior and exterior of the home as these were the architects only stipulations on what he was to carve.</p><br>
<p>The grand staircase has six newel posts, each of which has its own design. On the second floor landing is the Tiffany Window, one of the largest Tiffany windows in a private home, measuring five feet wide and nine feet tall. On the second floor, there were four bedrooms and a bathroom for guests. To fend off cold Nebraska winters, the house was heated by steam heaters located in several rooms throughout the house.</p><br>
<p>In the dining room, the windows are curved to complement the veranda on the east side of the house.</p><br>
<h2>Frank family</h2><br>
<p>Dr. Augustus Frank was born January 12, 1792, to Andrew and Elizabeth Frank. Frank was born in Germany but immigrated to the United States when he was seven. He trained to be a doctor at a medical college in Dorset, Vermont, and volunteered in the War of 1812. In 1814, Frank began to practice medicine in Victor, New York. He was an abolitionist and a conductor on the Underground Railroad. Frank belonged to the Anti-Slavery Society of New York and the American Anti-Slavery Society.</p><br>
<p>On September 12, 1816, Frank married Jerusha Baldwin. The couple had three children: two sons who died in infancy, and a daughter, Henriette. On March 15, 1825, Jerusha died. In August of that same year, Frank remarried to Jane Patterson (born August 30, 1795, Londonderry, NH). They had seven children, two of whom were Augustus Frank and George Washington Frank.</p><br>
<h2>George Washington Frank</h2><br>
<p>George Washington Frank was born on November 29, 1830. In 1854, George Frank married Phoebe McNair. They had four children: Sarah (died in infancy), Augustus II, Jeanie, and George William. Phoebe died in February 1900, and George Washington Frank died on March 20, 1906.</p><br>
<p>Frank built three houses for himself and his family. The first house, completed in June 1869, was built in Warsaw, New York. George Frank built his second house in Corning, Iowa; this second house was called Edgewood. George Frank operated a banking and real estate investment firm in Corning. In the 1990s, after being used as a clubhouse for a local golf course, Edgewood caught fire and was completely destroyed. His Warsaw, NY home still exists today as a private residence. In 1871, he purchased 1,042 acres of land from the Union Pacific Railroad in Kearney, Nebraska. He helped establish the Phil Kearney Ranch, where he invested in thoroughbred horses. In 1885, he opened the George W. Frank Improvement Company, and in 1886, began construction on a home in Kearney.</p><br>
<p>On August 1, 1885, Frank bought the controlling interest in the Kearney Canal and the Water Supply Company. Frank continued the construction of the Kearney Canal and started planning for a power plant in 1885. In July 1890, George Frank owned a company that started using electric trolleys which were run by Kearney Street Railway.</p><br>
<p>As a result of over-extension in business affairs and the economic turn down caused by the Panic of 1893, Frank lost many of his businesses and was forced into foreclosure. By this point he had signed the house over to his wife for one dollar, as to elude the mortgage broker and keep the home. But by 1900, Phoebe had died of a sudden heart failure and Frank was forced to leave the house to the bank and his possessions up for auction.</p><br>
<p>Frank moved in with his daughter, Jeanie Frank Elmendorf, who was at that time living in Lincoln, Nebraska, with her husband Charles. Frank died in his sleep at his daughter&#39;s home in 1906. He was 76 years old.</p><br>
<h2>History of the house</h2><br>
<h3>1886-1900</h3><br>
<p>The houses design was first conceived in 1885 by the architecture firm of Frank Bailey and Farmer. George William Frank, youngest son of George Washington Frank, was in charge of the firm. He designed the house as a gift to his parents. Construction on the house began in 1886 and was completed in 1889. George Washington Frank and his wife Phoebe moved into the home in 1890, possibly waiting for the large Louis Comfort Tiffany designed window on the second floor landing to be installed. The main floor of the home includes a Library, Grand Reception Hall, Front Vestibule, Drawing Room, Kitchen, Range Room, Butlers Pantry, Dining Room, two bathrooms, and George and Phoebes private quarters. Each of these rooms, except the Kitchen, Range Room, and Butlers Pantry, were complete with their own hand carved fireplaces with imported tile from both the Netherlands and New Jersey. The house was the first west of the Missouri River to be wired for electricity during construction. Frank would entertain numerous investors at the house, hoping to draw attention to his businesses and success in Kearney. To draw attention to his success in the generation of hydroelectric power, and his installation of electric streetcars in Kearney, all the light fixtures in the home were based around the incandescent electric light bulb. The light fixtures featured little intricate detail, and even the original dining room fixture was four light bulbs at the end of a wire. While entertaining, the Franks would hire a famous opera singer to sing as the guests were arriving at the house. A harpist would play in the dining room during all of their meals, and an electric buzzer was located under the dining room table to summon servants when the next course for meals needed to be brought to the table. The Library of the house was rarely, if ever, used as a library. George Frank would bring many investors and guests to the room to show them out the window. The large window in the library looked east across the grounds of the house, and one could see Franks power plant and the skyline of Kearney before the subsequent planting of trees and establishment of the Kearney State Normal School to the east of the house in 1905. Frank used the Drawing Room as his private office and kept a large oak desk in the center of the room, which was eventually taken down to the local pharmacy to pay for medication for Phoebe. The Drawing Room also housed the largest fireplace mantle out of the ten fireplaces located in the home. George and Phoebes private quarters were also located on the main floor. Private chambers on the main floor of a home were often considered a scandal in the late 1800s, but George and Phoebe were in their late 60s when they moved in and did not want to bother with the stairs. The second floor included numerous guest rooms and a bedroom for the Franks head cook and chief of staff, Eliza Galloway. Eliza was a freed African American slave from Maryland and had met George Washington Franks brother Augustus in New York. When Frank lost the house in 1900 he gave his silver and china collections to her to start her own catering company. The third floor was used as servants quarters, and at its peak would have held an estimated 47 staff members. The basement of the home was originally furnished and was home to a wine cellar, billiards room, and the bedroom of the Franks&#39; coachman, John Dallas Sauders. By 1900, grieving the loss of his wife, and facing financial difficulty brought on by over-extension and the Panic of 1893, Frank was forced to leave the home to the bank.</p><br>
<h3>1900-1907</h3><br>
<p>By 1900, all of the Franks&#39; furnishings were publicly auctioned, including light fixtures. The house changed ownership numerous times according to the Buffalo County Register of Deeds. In 1901 the Camp family purchased the home and lived there until 1906. They often complained that the house had fallen into disrepair, and their daughter continually mentioned in her private diary that the ceilings were leaking and the balconies were too structurally unsound to use. By 1906 the Camps had left and the house again cycled through owners until 1907.</p><br>
<h3>1907-1911</h3><br>
<p>In 1907 the home was purchased for $16,000 by Ole and Georgina Grothan. They began the hefty process of renovating the home to fit the needs of a private medical clinic and sanitarium, known as The Kearney New Sanitarium, that was located on the second floor of the home. The tile roof was replaced, along with gas lines that ran throughout the house. The Drawing Room was converted to be used as a waiting room for patients, and a large leaded glass window on the south wall of the room was replaced with glass french doors which still exist in the room today. The Grand Reception Hall was split in half by a wall to provide more privacy to the Grothans&#39; living quarters. Ole was not only a doctor, but a state senator. Ole and Georgina were unable to have children but did eventually end up adopting a daughter. In July 1911, after marital disputes, the Grothans were divorced and Georgina sold the house to the state of Nebraska for $24,000. Ole attempted to sue for repossession of the home but lost.</p><br>
<h3>1911-1972</h3><br>
<p>In 1911, the Nebraska State Hospital for Tuberculosis was founded and officially opened in 1912. The Frank Houses grounds were purchased from the state of Nebraska for $40,000 which included the necessary renovations for the house itself. A -story pavilion was built to the north of the house in 1912 and served as the first hospital building and staff pavilion. In 1914, a much larger brick building was built to accommodate more patients. Today this building is known as the Communications Building on the University of Nebraska at Kearneys West Campus. The Frank House was turned into a staff residence hall, where the medical superintendent was housed on the main floor, the matron, or head nurse, housed on the second floor along with a staff commons area, and various nurses housed on the third floor. Numerous alterations and renovations took place at the house in this period. The houses porte cochere was converted into a two car garage. The back porch of the home was removed and all windows were screened. All five of the chimneys were removed along with the tile roof being replaced with asphalt shingle. The front veranda was filled in with storm windows and turned into living space. Inside, all the walls and much of the original woodwork were painted white to make the house look sterile. The Kitchen and Library were turned into bedrooms and the Franks private dressing room was converted to be used as a kitchen. On second floor, all woodwork and walls were painted white, followed by the ceilings getting replaced with 1950s acoustic tile. One bedchamber on second floor was converted into two rooms and a hallway and used as apartments. By 1925 a new hospital building known as the East Sun building had been built to the southeast of the Frank House. It went through subsequent additions in the 1930s and 1940s and is today known as West Center, and houses the University of Nebraska at Kearneys Business and Technology Department. George Washington Franks son Augustus IIs home was also purchased and used as a nurses pavilion. It was torn down in the 1950s to make way for Greer Cottage, present day Welch Hall.</p><br>
<p>With better treatments emerging for Tuberculosis, the hospital&#39;s populous began to dwindle to just sixteen patients in 1971. At this point the hospital was ordered to close and officially closed its doors in 1972. The grounds of the hospital were turned over to Kearney State College, now the University of Nebraska at Kearney.</p><br>
<h3>1972-present</h3><br>
<p>From 1972 to 1973 the house sat abandoned with nothing but wicker furniture stacked in the Master Bedchamber. In the fall of 1973 Marian Johnson, an elementary music teacher in Gibbon, Nebraska, and her husband Halvin were invited to a luncheon with Kearney State College President MacDonald. The college, he informed them, hoped to save the house. Various groups on campus suggested using the Frank House as a faculty club while others believed it could be adapted as a college dorm. Another proposal called for demolishing the historic building. President MacDonald asked if Marian and Halvin would move in and direct the restoration. He was well aware of a renewed interest in local history, evidenced by Kearney&#39;s recent celebration of its 100th birthday in 1973, when the Frank House was utilized as a historic site for the centennial. In this same year, the house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places. On February 1, 1974, the Johnsons hired a mover to relocate them to the second floor of the historic home and begin to run the main floor as a museum. Immediate attention called for the Tiffany Window to be restored and it was the first restoration project completed at the home. By 1976, the house was officially opened as a museum. The Johnsons left the home in 1990 after living in it and restoring it for sixteen years. Virginia Lund was next to curate the historic house and oversaw the restoration of the Victorian gardens outside the home. In 2006 Virginia retired and curatorship was passed to KrisAnn Sullivan. Sullivan oversaw the completion of the restoration of the master bedchamber and of the northeast bedchamber on second floor. Sullivan also discontinued having the curators live on second floor and opened up the third floor to the public as well. In 2012, Sullivan retired and the house is currently under the management of the Museum of Nebraska Art (MONA), a local art museum that is administratively affiliated with the University of Nebraska at Kearney.</p><br>
<h2>The Frank House as a museum</h2><br>
<p>In 1973 the Frank House was utilized as an historic center for Kearney, Nebraskas Centennial Celebration. This was the first instance where the house was utilized as a museum. An estimated 2,000 people toured the house during this event. 1973 was the same year that the house was placed on the National Register of Historic Places. In 1976 the Frank House officially opened as a museum after the various areas of the house were partially restored and furniture was collected to fill the empty rooms. Tours were originally only held on the main floor, and visitors would get to travel to the top of the staircase to view the Tiffany Window as the curators lived on the second floor of the home. Today, the house not only functions as a museum, but also as a university and community events center. Various events are held at the house, one of the largest being the Chancellor of the universitys Holiday Reception. The Frank House also hosts various exhibits presented by community members or exhibits presented by the Frank House.</p><br>
<p>Dosariyah is an archeological site in the Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia, dating to the late 6th and early 5th millennium BCE. The spectrum of archaeological remains relate the site to the Arabian Neolithic. The earliest samples of Ubaid style pottery in Saudia-Arabia were found at Dosariyah.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The site is located about 12 km south of Jubail and 800 m inland from the present coastline of the Persian Gulf. Today it represents an approximately north-south orientated flat hill elevating about 2 m above the regular ground without a direct line of sight on the Persian Gulf. Southwards lies the Sabkha as-Summ. The surrounding area is dominated by dunes and spare vegetation.</p><br>
<h2>Discovery</h2><br>
<p>Grace Burkholder first discovered Dosariyah in 1968. Scattered all over the area she found great amounts of painted and unpainted pieces of pottery, stonetools made from Silex and Obsidian, Seashells, bones of mammals and fish as well as plaster. In the same year, Geoffrey Bibby dated the pottery to the Ubaid period and suggested further investigation on the site. In 1972 Abdullah H. Masry proofed at least 7 layers containing settlement debris to a depth of 2.50 m, separated by layers with only few finds. After these first excavations a massive fence was built around the site to protect it. Since 2010 a joint Saudi-German team from the Dammam Regional Museum and the University of Tübingen is re-excavating Dosariyah.</p><br>
<h2>Dating</h2><br>
<p>The range of findings as well as the stratigraphy date the main time of Dosariyah’s habitation to the Arabian Neolithic and the Ubaid period. Radiocarbon dates from shells verify this assumption, dating to the late 6th and the early 5th millennium BC. Except a single potsherd from the Islamic Period and modern debris found on the surface there are no indicators for later settlements at this site. The good preservation of organic material makes Dosariyah an excellent example for the investigation of the Neolithic on the Arabian Peninsula.</p><br>
<h2>Pottery and Function of the Settlement</h2><br>
<p>The findings of Dosariyah contain elements of the local Arabic Neolithic as well as influences from southern Mesopotamia. Especially the large amount of imported Ubaid style pottery from southern Mesopotamia suggests intense cultural contacts. About 25% of Dosariyah’s pottery is tempered with straw and minerals. This, therefore called “Coarseware”, is seen as a local pottery tradition. Ubaid style pottery is found at various sites along the southern coast of the Persian Gulf. Even though lots of these sites contain only few Ubaid style sherds the great deal of imported pottery and obsidian at Dosariyah suggests its relevance within an extensive social and economic network.</p><br>
<p>Several, up to 50 cm thick layers containing mostly shells of pearl oyster Pinctada radiata could be seen as evidence for pearling. If Dosariyah was a permanently inhabited settlement or a periodically used encampment established by herding nomads for trading, fishery etc. is object of the current investigations.</p><br>
<p>The Genoa Building, at the intersection of Southeast Belmont Street and Southeast 29th Avenue in Portland in the USA state of Oregon, is a single-story commercial building listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built in a Vernacular style with Mediterranean features in 1930, it was added to the register in 1997.</p><br>
<p>After construction of the Morrison Bridge over the Willamette River in the late 19th century, Belmont Street became an important arterial with a streetcar line extending from central downtown Portland to as far east as Southeast 34th Avenue. A business district that centered on the original streetcar terminus gradually spread up and down Belmont. Among the last of the buildings in this development was the Genoa Building.</p><br>
<p>Home to three separate storefronts facing Belmont Street, the Genoa is a square building 60 ft on each side. Although all are 60 ft deep, two of the storefronts are 25 ft wide, and the third, on the west, is only 10 ft wide. Early tenants included a pharmacist, a barber, and a grocer. Significant architectural features include display windows across the north side and part of the east side of the building, 12 ft interior ceiling heights, a partial basement in the rear, and a red clay tile roof.</p><br>
<p>J.W. Wilson was the original owner of the building, constructed by Knott and Rogers. Winifred Guild acquired the property in 1943, and the Guild family retained control of it until 1971, after which it was converted to restaurant space.</p><br>
<p>The Thomas Graham Building, 6301 Southeast Stark Street, Portland, in the USA state of Oregon, is a two-story commercial building listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built in 1910, it was added to the register in 1992.</p><br>
<p>The wood-frame structure, supported by a concrete foundation and including a full basement, houses a business on the first floor and a domestic apartment on the second floor. Architectural features include a recessed storefront facing a colonnade of fluted wood columns, a double-leaf front door, and plate-glass display windows. Constructed by George Foreman for druggist Thomas Graham, the building preserves a form of commercial architecture typical of the city&#39;s neighborhood business districts around 1900. The building was named a Portland Historic Landmark in 1981.</p><br>
<p>Graham, who operated a drugstore in the building for many years, was born in Ontario, Canada, and moved to Portland in 1891. At that time, the Mount Tabor neighborhood, where the building is located, was slowly changing from rural to residential. Minor commercial hubs in the vicinity generally featured small wooden buildings with recessed storefronts facing streetcar lines. The Graham Building is one of only four such buildings that remain intact in central southeast Portland.</p><br>
<p>The Great Northern Railway Passenger Depot in Alexandria, Minnesota is a depot listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The predecessor line, the Saint Paul and Pacific Railroad, reached Alexandria in 1878. The Great Northern promoted Alexandria as a tourist destination, with brochures and attractive fares, and the growing tourist traffic made it necessary to replace the original wood-frame depot.</p><br>
<p>The new depot was built more ornately than the usual depots, which were executed from standardized plans developed by the railroads. The Alexandria depot had mosaic tile floors, birch woodwork, enameled brick wainscoting, and comfortable furniture, and it was located conveniently next to a nearby park. The new depot was one of the largest and most ornate along the Great Northern line in Minnesota.</p><br>
<p>The Alexandria depot was an active passenger station until 1967. Freight service continued until 1976, at which point the depot was shuttered. Burlington Northern sold the building in 1984, and its new owners completed a restoration and reopened it the next year as the Depot Express Restaurant and Lounge. The adjacent rail line is now the Central Lakes State Trail.</p><br>
<p>The Yale Union Laundry Building, also known as the Yale Laundry Building, the City Linen Supply Co. Building, Perfect Fit Manufacturing and simply Yale Union , in southeast Portland, Oregon, is a two-story commercial structure listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built largely of brick in 1908, and embellished with Italian Revival and Egyptian Revival decorations, it was added to the register in 2007. Two-story additions in 1927 and 1929 changed the original building into an L-shaped structure that shares a party wall with a commercial building to the east.</p><br>
<p>Preservation of elements of Portlands industrial laundry era, and its relation to the women’s labor movement and the rise of the middle class in the United States, are factors in the buildings listing on the National Register.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Located at 800 Southeast 10th Avenue, the building occupies the west half of the block between Southeast Belmont and Southeast Morrison streets. The southwest corner entry features a stylized Egyptian temple of cast stone. Italianate Renaissance influence is seen in the ground floor&#39;s large arched windows and tall narrow windows on the second. The west facade is lined with banks of large windows that helped illuminate and cool the work areas. Other important exterior features include a large garage door along Belmont Street, and a paved parking lot and water-tower pedestal on the Morrison Street side.</p><br>
<p>The original building&#39;s main floor has vaulted ceilings, large windows, brick walls, a flat roof, and wooden cross beams. The mezzanine consists of three rooms. The second floor has large windows and vaulted ceilings, restrooms, and a lunchroom. Stairs and elevators connect the levels, including the basement and its boiler room. A lobby and office in the southwest corner of the main floor can be entered from inside or via the original main door off Southeast 10th Avenue.</p><br>
<p>Following purchase in 2008, renovations began to convert the building into a contemporary arts center. Architects designed gallery spaces, a bookstore and cafe, a 100-seat room, library and kitchen. Geothermal heating supplied by an aquifer underneath the building will contribute to the goal of LEED Platinum status.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Yale Union Laundry Building was built to house a commercial laundry during an era, roughly 1900 to 1950, when many urban USA households sent out their laundry for cleaning rather than doing it at home. Before the invention of the steam laundry machine in the mid-19th century, women did most domestic washing at home using simple machines such as scrub boards, wooden tubs, and clothes lines. Steam-driven washing machines, and equipment for starching, ironing, and related tasks made industrial laundries feasible by the turn of the century.</p><br>
<p>In 1908, Charles F. Brown, who entered the laundry business in the Midwest in 1892, moved to Portland to build the Yale Laundry Building, and to operate an industrial power laundry on its premises. The buildings basement contained boilers to heat wash water, and the main part of the first floor had beams capable of supporting heavy washing machines. The first and second floors had large windows to admit light and to release heat and steam. At the time of the buildings construction, Portland had 68 commercial laundries of varied types and sizes. By 1916, the Yale Laundry, one of the larger laundries, employed 125 people, many of whom were women.</p><br>
<p>Federal and state laws regulating hours, wages, and working conditions changed markedly in the United States during the early 20th century. The states Industrial Welfare Commission, established in 1913, ruled in 1914 that women could not work in laundries for more than 54 hours a week, and that work days were not to exceed nine hours. The commission established a minimum weekly wage of $8.25 for women working in Portlands laundries. By 1917, the work day was reduced to an eight-hour maximum. In 1920, to lower costs related to regulations and the rise of organized labor, several industrial laundries in Portland combined to form the Home Services Company. The new company lowered overhead by sharing resources, and added a pickup and delivery service popular among middle-class families. The company acquired the Yale Union Laundry in 1927.</p><br>
<p>By 1931, more than 80 percent of the services offered by industrial laundries were sold to individual families.</p><br>
<h3>Yale Union</h3><br>
<p>Since 2008, the building has housed Yale Union (YU), a contemporary arts center. Alter LLC, associated with the Monfort Family Foundation, purchased the building for $3.5 million and intended to fund renovations and operations until the arts center generated revenue on its own. Renovations costing an additional $7.2 million, also funded by Alter, included a bookstore and cafe, and a 100-seat room. The center was officially unveiled in November 2010 with a renovated kitchen and additional improvements planned. More than 600 people attended YU&#39;s first public exhibit in May 2011.</p><br>
<p>The Barber Block is a building complex located at the corner of Southeast Grand and Washington Streets in Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places . It was built in 1890 and listed on the NRHP in 1977. It is also located within the East Portland Grand Avenue Historic District.</p><br>
<p>Among the buildings occupants in the 1920s was a nickelodeon theater. After the Columbus Day Storm of 1962 caused significant damage to the buildings roof, its owners considering demolishing it, but decided against doing so. The ground floor spaces have been used by various types of businesses over the decades, including a furniture store, a restaurant and a bank, while the second and third floors have always been residential, mostly as apartments but for a time as a single-room occupancy residential hotel.</p><br>
<p>The building underwent a renovation in the late 1970s and another in the 2000s.</p><br>
<p>The Olympic Cereal Mill, formerly known as B&O Warehouse, is a building complex in southeast Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The building is currently a creative space.</p><br>
<p>In 2004, the building was purchased by Beam Development and was then recycled into the building it is today and placed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Tenants</h2><br>
<p>The building has about one hundred tenants, which consist of startups in addition to well-established businesses.</p><br>
<p>aboutus.org</p><br>
<p>The Art of Personal Training by Kisar Dhillon</p><br>
<p>Arthouse Talent & Literary</p><br>
<p>Classic Body Restoration</p><br>
<p>Empire Laboratories</p><br>
<p>Energy 350</p><br>
<p>Evolve Collaborative</p><br>
<p>F&M Marketing</p><br>
<p>GRAYBOX</p><br>
<p>Grady Britton</p><br>
<p>Little Green Pickle</p><br>
<p>McKenna Ryan</p><br>
<p>Mr. French&#39;s Coffee Kitchen</p><br>
<p>Olympia Provisions</p><br>
<p>Red Slate Wine Company</p><br>
<p>Vida Design</p><br>
<p>The Oriental Apartments in southeast Portland in the USA state of Oregon is a two-story multi-family dwelling listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built in the Tudor Revival style in 1926, it was added to the register in 1992.</p><br>
<p>Constructed by Curtis A. Gardner, an engineer and contractor, for C.E. Beeman, a real-estate developer, the 12,165 ft2 structure contains 13 studio apartments with identical floor plans and three one-bedroom apartments, also with floor plans identical to one another. Each story includes eight apartments situated on either side of a central hall running along the long axis of the building. Significant architectural details include its brick exterior cladding, its gables and spandrels, a round-arched entrance portal, Murphy-bed closets, and leaded-glass cupboards that divide the eating area from the food-preparation area of each kitchen.</p><br>
<p>The East Portland Grand Avenue Historic District, located in southeast Portland, Oregon, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The district includes approximately 20 city blocks on or near Southeast Grand Avenue on the east side of the Willamette River, roughly bounded on the south by SE Main Street, north by SE Ankeny Street, west by SE Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard, and east by SE Seventh Avenue. Most structures in the district are commercial buildings rising two to three stories. Immediately to the west of the historic district is Portland&#39;s east side industrial area, and to the east are industrial and residential areas.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The historic district is part of a larger area originally designated in 1850 as the East Portland Townsite. In 1861 James B. Stephens platted the area into 200-foot by 200-foot blocks from a portion of his donation land claim. The townsite was roughly bounded by the Willamette River to the west, 12th Street to the east, Glisan Street to the north, and Hawthorne Street to the south.</p><br>
<p>By 1870, the Oregon Central Railroad included a branch through East Portland, and the community was incorporated in 1871. Commercial development increased, and in 1891 East Portland was annexed into the city of Portland.</p><br>
<h2>Designation of buildings</h2><br>
<p>The historic period of significance for the district is 1883 through 1930. Buildings designated as "primary" contributing properties were constructed between 1883 and 1915. Those designated as "secondary" were constructed between 1916 and 1930.</p><br>
<p>A third designation, "historic but non-contributing," denotes buildings constructed within the period of significance but which have been modernized or altered beyond their historic identity.</p><br>
<p>The East Portland Grand Avenue Historic District includes a total of 74 properties, and 50 are designated either primary, secondary, or historic non-contributing.</p><br>
<p>A fourth designation, "non-contributing," denotes buildings constructed after 1930. The district contains six non-contributing buildings and 18 vacant lots.</p><br>
<p>The Blaine Smith House in southeast Portland in the USA state of Oregon, is a two-story single dwelling listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built in 1909 in an Arts and Crafts architectural style, it was added to the register in 1991.</p><br>
<p>Rectangular in plan, the 40 by house has a full basement and an attic. Single-story projections include a porte-cochère, a front entrance, and a sun porch. A steeply pitched gable roof, imitation half-timbering on the second floor, brick and stucco surfaces, and dormers on the front and rear are among the exterior features of the structure. A circular drive approaches the front of the house, and a separate drive on the west enters the porte cochere. Outbuildings on the 0.49 acre property include an historic, detached, three-bay garage and a gazebo of late 20th-century construction.</p><br>
<p>Rooms on the first floor radiate from a central hall that runs through the house to the main staircase. Flanking the central hall toward the front of the house are the living and dining rooms. Behind the dining room are the kitchen and a back hall leading to the maid&#39;s stairs, the basement stairs, and a door to the back yard. Behind the living room is a reception room connected to the porte cochere, and off this room or foyer is a half-bath.</p><br>
<p>On the second floor, five bedrooms and two bathrooms are arranged around a large landing. At the landing&#39;s far end, stairs lead to the attic, which has two additional bedrooms, a bath, and a kitchen. The basement has a game room, a work room, and a bath. Interior features include oak paneling, coffered ceilings, ceramic tile chimney fronts, and other decorations consistent with the Arts and Crafts style.</p><br>
<p>Blaine Smith (1870–1935), a long-time Portland resident, was associated with the Old Western Clay Manufacturing Company. He and his wife, Lillian, were the original owners of the property and lived in the house with their three children. Smith changed jobs and moved to Seattle in 1914, and the Smiths sold the property in 1919.</p><br>
<p>Ellis F. Lawrence (1879–1946), whose Portland firm designed the house, was a prominent architect, city planner, and teacher. In 1914, he founded the University of Oregon School of Architecture and Allied Arts, where he taught and served as dean while also maintaining his office in Portland.</p><br>
<p>The William B. Holden House is a house located in southeast Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The property was deemed significant for its architecture, for its landscape architecture, and for its association with the life of Dr. W. B. Holden . The house was designed by architect Roscoe Hememway. The landscape architecture was designed by John Alexander Grant. The property included a rose garden.</p><br>
<p>The listing for the William B. Holden House was for a.75 acre property located at 6347 Southeast Yamhill, that consisted of the entire tax lot of Lot I, Belmont Villa, Portland, Oregon.</p><br>
<p>In 2016, the National Register recorded a boundary decrease listing with address 6353 SE Yamhill, with property name William R. Holden House. This appears to indicate that the 6347 property has been split, and the original.75 acre property is no longer intact. Further the middle initial appears to indicate a typo; the listing would have made sense as a boundary decrease to the William B. Holden House listing.</p><br>
<p>The Paul C. Murphy House is a 2.5-story residence in southeast Portland, in the USA state of Oregon. Built in 1916 in the English Cottage style, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.</p><br>
<p>Designed by Ellis F. Lawrence, the house has a floor plan of about 50 by. Its interior has formal living spaces on the ground floor, bedrooms on the second floor, a full attic, and a basement with a family room and tiled fireplace. Rooms on the main floor include a central hall, living room, dining room, den, kitchen, pantry, half-bath, and sun porch. On the second floor are three bedrooms, a sleeping porch, and two bathrooms. The house has a separate servants entrance at the rear and a servants staircase leading to a bedroom, sewing room, and bathroom in the attic. The exterior features a hipped roof, multiple gables, small gabled dormers, and a glass-enclosed porch.</p><br>
<p>The home originally belonged to Paul Cole Murphy, a real-estate developer and president of the Ladd Estate Company, which was organized in 1908 to manage the properties of the locally prominent Ladd family. In 1909, Murphy and others bought a large property, Hazelfern Farm, from the Ladds and formed the Laurelhurst Company to develop Laurelhurst, a park-like residential neighborhood that includes the Murphy House. Murphy lived in this house until 1945, when he retired and moved to Santa Barbara.</p><br>
<p>The Leslie M. Scott House in southeast Portland in the USA state of Oregon is a 2.5-story dwelling listed on the National Register of Historic Places. A bungalow built in American Craftsman style in 1910, it was added to the register in 1989.</p><br>
<p>The house, resting on a concrete foundation, has a full basement and is covered by a gable roof with gabled dormers. Arthur Arand, a local contractor who built the house, used natural materials throughout. Bays and other projections extend from the structure&#39;s flat exterior planes on every level. Other notable features include a full-width stone porch with a semi-circular projection on one side, bargeboards, decorative rafter ends, a large stone fireplace in the living room, and stained-glass interior doors in the study and master bedroom.</p><br>
<p>Leslie M. Scott, the son of Harvey W. Scott, an influential editor of The Oregonian newspaper, was in his own right a well-known public figure. A writer and editor, he was a long-time vice president of The Oregonian. He was a member of the Oregon Historical Society board of directors from 1913 to 1956 and served as Oregon State Treasurer from 1940 to 1949. While living in the house, he began compiling and editing his father&#39;s editorials, published in 1917 as a two-volume work entitled History of the Oregon Country. Scott lived in the house for about nine years before moving to the Coleman&ndash;Scott House in northeast Portland.</p><br>
<p>The First National Bank Building is a building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>Located at 401–409 SW 5th Avenue, designed by Coolidge and Shattuck of Boston, resembling some of the Lincoln Memorial classicism, it was built in 1916 when the bank outgrew its earlier quarters and when it was subsequently under the ownership of H.W. Corbett’s grandsons. The building was dubbed the "marble temple". The bank&#39;s design bred confidence and was a symbol of security.</p><br>
<h2>Usage</h2><br>
<p>Located at S.W. Fifth and Stark, the three-story building was the headquarters of the First National Bank (FNB) in Portland starting in 1916, and continued to be a portion of the headquarters complex until 1972. The banks main offices later moved into new buildings constructed directly adjacent—first in 1923, in a new four-story marble building at Sixth and Stark (initially occupied by the affiliated Security Savings & Trust Company, but owned by FNB), and later in 1957–59, with a much larger expansion, into a building now known as 400 SW Sixth Avenue, which replaced buildings at Sixth and Washington and in 1960 also replaced the First National Banks 1923 building.</p><br>
<p>The original building of 1916 continued to form part of the two-building headquarters complex until 1972, when First National moved its headquarters to the new 40-story tower adjacent to the administration services building next to City Hall. First National then sold its two buildings along Stark Street, with the 1916 landmark being sold to the Oregon Pioneer Savings & Loan Association. The building was saved from destruction and given an historical landmark designation by the city. It became Oregon Pioneer&#39;s new headquarters.</p><br>
<p>The First Presbyterian Church is a church building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Construction began in 1886 and was completed in 1890. The building has been called "one of the finest examples" of High Victorian Gothic architecture in the state of Oregon.</p><br>
<h2>Congregation history</h2><br>
<p>As a congregation, what is now known as the First Presbyterian Church of Portland was organized on January 1, 1854, and was only the third Presbyterian church in the Oregon Territory. services were originally held in private homes, twice a month. For the first year, Reverend J. L. Yantis journeyed on horseback to Portland from Calapooia, Oregon (2 miles east of Shedd), 80 miles to the south. Services were later held at a larger venue, the Canton House—a public meeting place at Front and Washington streets that was later known as the Pioneer Hotel, the Lincoln House and the American Exchange building.</p><br>
<p>By 1860, the congregation had grown to 87 members, and fundraising for a permanent church building began. and was dedicated on May 22. It included the first pipe organ in Portland. A 1,052-pound bell was donated by Caroline E. Jagger Corbett, wife of Senator Henry W. Corbett. It was made by Meneely & Company (of Troy, New York) from bronze Civil War cannons. A 1987 article in The Oregonian said that in 1865, the bell "rang out the news that the Civil War had ended. Five days later, it tolled for President Lincoln&#39;s death."</p><br>
<p>The church society was incorporated as "the First Presbyterian Church and Society of the City of Portland" in 1865, by members William S. Ladd, John C. Ainsworth, O.P.S. Plummer and others.</p><br>
<p>As the congregation continued to grow, First Presbyterian counted many prominent Portlanders among its members, including Henry W. Corbett, William S. Ladd, John C. Ainsworth, and Jacob Kamm.</p><br>
<p>By the 1880s the congregation had grown to 900 members, and it was decided that a new, larger building was needed. In 1883, a parcel of more than a quarter-block was purchased at 12th and Alder streets for the new church, and later an adjacent property at 13th and Alder was purchased for a parsonage. Architect William F. McCaw was hired to design the new building, and his plans were approved in July 1886.</p><br>
<p>According to The Oregon Encyclopedia, in the 1920s First Presbyterian Church was "among the ten largest congregations in the United States."</p><br>
<h2>Building</h2><br>
<p>Construction of the existing building began in 1886. By May 1887, the foundation had been completed, and the cornerstone was laid in a ceremony on May 2 of that year. The chapel was finished in May 1889, as work continued on the main auditorium. The total construction cost was approximately $120,000 (equivalent to $ million in ).</p><br>
<p>The church bell from the 1864 building was moved to the new building in 1889 or 1890. and the building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974.</p><br>
<h3>Description</h3><br>
<p>Designed in High Victorian Gothic style, the First Presbyterian Church occupies an 85 x site and includes a 185 ft spire. but copper cladding replaced the shingles in 1929,</p><br>
<h4>Exterior</h4><br>
<p>The buildings stone exterior is made of rusticated black basalt with lighter sandstone trim. The main portion of the building is a gable-roofed auditorium (sanctuary), the main access to which is via a narthex. There are three entrances to the narthex. Two include an arched doorway topped by a pediment, with a trio of stained-glass windows (and smaller, accent windows) above the large wooden doors. One of these entrances faces Alder Street at the base of the tower, at the buildings northeast corner. The other, at the buildings southeast corner (the opposite end of the narthex), faces 12th Avenue. The third narthex entrance is on the south side of the building and is fitted with a porte-cochère. An additional entrance on the buildings north side is located immediately west of the sanctuary and east of the chapel, and is positioned about mid-block on Alder Street. As with the other two original entrances, it has an arched and pedimented doorway with stained-glass windows above the doors. The sanctuary doors are decorated with ornamental brass overlay and leather, and the principle exterior entrance doors feature decorative brass hinges.</p><br>
<p>Positioned on each side of the main auditoriums gabled roof are two gabled dormers, each with a "rose-like" stained-glass window. A "dormer-like" pavilion (without entrance) is centered in the narthex, below the great window—the churchs largest stained-glass window, in the east end of the auditorium.</p><br>
<p>At the building&#39;s west end is a chapel with a transverse gable roof (set at a right angle to the main roof and auditorium), with an arched tracery rose window of stained glass at the south end, where the pulpit is located. At the time of its completion, its floor area was 36 x. At its north end, on Alder Street, it has a twin-door entrance, with a narrow sandstone arch above each single door.</p><br>
<h4>Interior</h4><br>
<p>The main auditorium is 69.5 x in size, with a 57 ft ceiling. The balcony and its stairways were added in 1892. It wraps around three sides of the sanctuary and has an undulating curve in the center, at the rear (east end) of the sanctuary. The church&#39;s interior is "richly embellished". The auditorium features extensive use of cherrywood, carved by Nicholas Strahan, for the "chancel, choir loft, and organ", as well as for "the pulpit, pews, ornamentation, and balcony railings". Strahan was from Portland, but had learned his craft in England. The carvings feature Gothic motifs. The pews are laid-out in a semi-circle.</p><br>
<p>The 57-foot-high ceiling is topped by a timber roof that has "arched braces, hammerbeams, kingposts, tie beams, purlins and rafters, all carved and ornamented, and, like the rest of the woodwork, in a natural finish," as described in the building&#39;s nomination to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>The church&#39;s many stained-glass windows were designed by David Povey of Povey Brothers Art Glass Works, of Portland.</p><br>
<p>The current pipe organ is a 52-rank Jaeckel organ dating from 2000. It replaced a Moller organ that had been installed in 1929. The building&#39;s original organ was one transferred from the 1864 building at 3rd and Washington streets.</p><br>
<h4>Window gallery</h4><br>
<h2>Church grounds</h2><br>
<p>The parsonage at the southeast corner of 13th Avenue and Alder Street, immediately west of the main building, was demolished and replaced by a 3½-story, Tudor-style church hall that houses the church&#39;s administrative offices, rooms for Sunday school classes and various other facilities.</p><br>
<p>The church complex now occupies the entire city block, bounded by 12th and 13th avenues and Alder and Morrison Streets, but this was not the case before 2006. Since 1924, the Danmoore Hotel building had stood in the southeast quadrant of the block, directly abutting the porte-cochère In 1988, the 118-room apartment hotel and property, which had been acquired by the some of the churchs members, was donated to the church, under long-term plans to relocate its residents to replacement housing (known as the Alder House apartments) located kitty-corner from the main church property, and redevelop the site. Following a 2001-launched fundraising campaign among members, plans for the redevelopment came together. The Danmoores residents were relocated, the building was razed, and a three-story underground parking garage was built in the space, being completed in March 2006. A landscaped plaza designed by Hennebery Eddy Architects was created on top of the parking garage, at street level, and opened at the same time.</p><br>
<p>The First Unitarian Church of Portland is a church building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Located on S.W. 12th Avenue at Salmon Street, it was constructed and opened in 1924.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1979, the Unitarian church purchased a slightly larger church located directly adjacent, the original First Church of the Nazarene of Portland, which had been built in 1921. The Nazarene church congregation was preparing for construction of a new, larger building in the Sylvan neighborhood, so decided to sell their original building.</p><br>
<p>The former Nazarene building (at 1211 S.W. Main Street), but the 1921 building is not listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The NRHP-listed 1924 building is still owned and used by the First Unitarian Church of Portland, and church members refer to it as the Eliot Chapel. Eliot Chapel was designed by Jamieson K. Parker, while the former Nazarene building was designed by Raymond W. Hatch.</p><br>
<p>The Levi Hexter House is a historic house located in southwest Portland, Oregon, United States that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is located within the King&#39;s Hill Historic District.</p><br>
<p>The house was built in 1892–1893 by Levi Hexter (1836–1897), a prominent Jewish businessman who founded the Hexter, May & Co. hardware store with Levi May. May helped found the Temple Beth Israel synagogue. Levi and Laura (née May) Hexter had two sons and three daughters who lived in the house (one son had died previous to the houses construction). After Laura Hexters death in 1917, the house became a boarding house; and there are also unverified claims that the house was the site of bootlegging during Prohibition of the 1920s. Starting in the 1960s, it went through a complete restoration by owner Robert Perron, a prominent Portland landscape architect responsible for the landscape designs of Terry Schrunk Plaza, the Portland Art Museum and Keller Auditorium.</p><br>
<p>Sierra de Vicort, also known as Sierra de Vicor , is a 20 km long mountain range in the Comunidad de Calatayud and Campo de Daroca comarcas of Aragon, Spain.</p><br>
<p>The ridge is aligned in a NW-SE direction. It stretches southeast of the Sierra de la Virgen in the same direction roughly between Paracuellos de la Ribera and Codos. It is separated from Sierra de la Virgen by the Jalón River valley. Sierra de Algairén runs north of Sierra de Vicort with a long tectonic basin between them, the Grio River Valley, a tributary of the Jalón having its source in Sierra de Vicort.</p><br>
<p>Sierra de Vicort&#39;s highest point is Pico del Rayo (1,420 m). The range forks into two subranges towards its southeastern end, Sierra del Espigar, highest point 1,277 m and Sierra de la Modorra, highest point 1,279 m. The northeastern side of the range is abrupt, while its southwestern flanks, descending towards the Sediles and Mara plateaux are much smoother.</p><br>
<p>Highway Carretera Nacional N-II crosses the northern end of the range, near El Frasno. There are ancient Celtiberian archaeological remains in and around the range. Some authors claim that the name "Vicort" itself is of Celtiberian origin.</p><br>
<h2>Flora and human activity</h2><br>
<p>These mountains have many forested patches, consisting mainly of pine and Quercus rotundifolia, Quercus pyrenaica and Quercus faginea oaks with heath and broom and Calluna vulgaris shrub, as well as thyme and Festuca grassland in between.</p><br>
<p>Centaurea pinnata is an endangered species of plant present in this mountain range. The southern slopes of Sierra de Vicort are often subject to wildfires in periods of prolonged drought.</p><br>
<p>Traditional cattle rearing activities still survive on dry grasslands in certain villages around the range. There are also a number of hunters visiting Sierra de Vicort, especially on weekends. The largely ruined ghost town of Aldehuela de Santa Cruz and almost uninhabited Viver de Vicort are located in this range.</p><br>
<p>On 1,411 m high Pico de Santa Brígida there is a weather radar antenna, part of the Inogés military base. There is also a Virgin Mary shrine located in the heights of the mountain range, the sanctuary known as Ermita de Nuestra Señora de Jerusalen.</p><br>
<p>On 9 September 1974, the West Ridge Direct on Mount Everest was attempted by a French expedition. It resulted in the deaths of six climbers in an avalanche on the way to the summit. These deaths took the total number of fatalities on the mountain to 36.</p><br>
<p>The team consisted of:</p><br>
<p>Claude Ancey (survived)</p><br>
<p>Lhakpa (Sherpa)</p><br>
<p>Sanu Wongal (Sherpa)</p><br>
<p>Pemba Dorje (Sherpa)</p><br>
<p>Nawang Lutuk (Sherpa)</p><br>
<p>Nima Wangchu (Sherpa)</p><br>
<p>In comparison, six Sherpas died on 5 April 1970 due to an avalanche in the Khumbu Icefall (see 1970 Mount Everest disaster). Other bad years were 1982 and 1996, although none of these years claimed as many lives as were lost in the avalanches of 2014 and 2015.</p><br>
<p>Isla San José is the second largest island in the Pearl Islands, and has an area of 44 km². At the 2000 census, it had a population of 10. The privately owned island has an area of about 17 square miles. Thousands of wild pigs and deer populate Isla San Jose, which has a rugged, rocky shoreline and over 50 beaches.</p><br>
<p>A unit of U.S. soldiers tested chemical arms from 1945 to 1947 on the then deserted island, leaving behind at least eight unexploded 500 and 1,000-pound bombs. A U.S. military text states that the larger bombs contained phosgene and cyanogen chloride, and smaller ones mustard gas. Other reports state that the soldiers also tested VX nerve gas and sarin. Unexploded ordnance on the islands is estimated in thousands of units of highly dangerous chemical mines. An unknown but large amount of munitions was also dropped into the sea around the island.</p><br>
<p>The island is served by San José Airport.</p><br>
<p>The Old Church, originally known as Calvary Presbyterian Church, is a Carpenter Gothic church located in downtown Portland, Oregon, United States, that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built in 1882, it was designed by Portland architect Warren Heywood Williams. The interior includes stained glass windows made by Portland&#39;s Povey Brothers Studio.</p><br>
<p>The building&#39;s use as the Calvary Presbyterian Church ceased in 1948, It became unused in 1965 and was put up for sale, but remained unsold for an extended period, and its demolition was planned. In 1967, the non-profit group Old Church was formed with the intent of preserving the building. After a one-year fundraising campaign the group purchased the building from Metropolitan Baptist Church on April 1, 1969, for $95,000. At its next meeting, Old Church Inc. changed its name to the Old Church Society. Initial efforts to save and preserve the building were led by Lannie Hurst, an actress and performer. The Oregon Journal chose Hurst as one of 10 "Women of Accomplishment" in 1969, explaining that "Few fundraising campaigns of any sort ever captured the imagination and support of Portlanders as completely as did the drive to save The Old Church..." The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972, under its original name of Calvary Presbyterian Church.</p><br>
<p>The Old Church is a non-profit that focuses on restoring and preserving the structure and providing artistic and cultural programming. Restoration work has included major interior and exterior overhauls that have aimed to preserve the historic character of the building while adding modern conveniences to keep the space relevant and useful. During the restoration, Jerry Bosco and Ben Milligan, prominent collectors of historic artifacts, donated the original porte-cochère to The Old Church. Most recently The Old Church installed a new stage, bar, and marquee and state-of-the-art sound and lighting systems. Since 1968, The Old Church has hosted free weekly lunch-time concerts on Wednesdays and it hosts concerts by touring and local artists. The space is also used for weddings and other events.</p><br>
<p>The Jeanne Manor Apartment Building is a seven-story apartment hi-rise located in downtown Portland, Oregon, in the United States, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Architects Bennes and Herzog finished the Art Deco structure in 1931. The Jeanne Manor faces the South Park Blocks at the corner of Southwest Park Avenue and Clay Street.</p><br>
<p>Designed to reflect some of the features of Beaux-Arts apartment buildings along New York City&#39;s Park Avenue, the structure was reputedly selected by a group of American architects as an outstanding example of modern apartment design. Named for the daughter of owner Harry Mittleman, the building cost $400,000 and was part of a $1,000,000 investment made by Mittleman in SW Park Avenue apartment construction during the late 1920s and early 1930s. Marketing of the 72-suite building included the slogan, "In quest of the sun."</p><br>
<p>The Jefferson Station, formerly known as the Jefferson Substation, is a building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Designed by Trussed Concrete Steel Co and built in 1909 by Hurley Madison Co Of Tacoma & Portland, the Jefferson Station served as an electrical substation for Portland General Electric.</p><br>
<h2>Tenants</h2><br>
<p>The ground floor of the Jefferson Station is occupied by restaurants such as Subway, Veritable Quandary (VQ) and Tom&#39;s First Avenue Bento. The building is also occupied by Turtledove Clemens, an integrated marketing communications firm which also houses Propel Businessworks, Urban Works Real Estate, a retail brokerage company, Sloy, Dahl & Holst, Inc., a money management firm, TYR Wood Products, a hardwood export company, and Quixote Investment, a financial planning company.</p><br>
<p>The Dr. Noble Wiley Jones House is a house located in the Goose Hollow neighborhood of southwest Portland, Oregon. Built in 1911, the house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988.</p><br>
<p>The house was built for Dr. Noble Wiley Jones and his wife, Nellie Sturtevant Jones. A graduate of Stanford and Rush Medical College (then affiliated with the University of Chicago), Jones studied medicine in Europe for several years before settling in Portland in 1906 as the city&#39;s first specialist in internal medicine. In 1913, he was hired as a Clinical Associate in Medicine at the University of Oregon Medical School (now Oregon Health & Science University) and is considered one of the leaders who helped increase the reputation of the fledgling institution.</p><br>
<p>Jones chose the location for the home at the corner of Market Street Drive and Vista Drive, adjacent to Tanner Creek Canyon, then spanned by Ford Street Bridge (later replaced by the Vista Bridge in 1926).</p><br>
<p>According to interviews conducted with Joness son Dr. Orville Jones, the architect of the house was noted Portland architect Wade Hampton Pipes. The house is built in the English Arts and Crafts style favored by Pipes, but it differs from Pipes usual style, and there is debate that this house may not be his work. The garage was clearly designed by Pipes to complement the house.</p><br>
<p>Jones sold the house to his partner, Dr. Blair Holcomb, in 1927, and the house is sometimes called the Jones–Holcomb Residence. The house remains a private residence today.</p><br>
<p>The Kress Building is a building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It was built in 1928 for S. H. Kress & Co. As of 2011, tenants of the building include Nike and Sephora.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>The five-story store and office building is located on the northeast corner of SW Fifth Avenue and Morrison Street in the center of Portland&#39;s retail district. It was built for S. H. Kress & Co. in 1928 from plans by their corporate architect, E. J. Hoffman.</p><br>
<p>The steel frame building rests on a concrete foundation. Its exterior is faced entirely with cream colored glazed terra cotta, enhanced with a variety of classically inspired decorative motifs. The roof is flat. The footprint of the building is rectangular; its original 100 square feet was extended to the east by a 50 &times; 100-foot single story wing in 1953 when an adjoining building was acquired and faced with terra cotta to conform with the rest of the block.</p><br>
<p>The stores design is in the Commercial style of the Chicago school, with detailing in the Classical vein. It exhibits the retail base including mezzanine level and multiple stories capped with a full classical entablature that are characteristic of Commercial style emporiums. The attic, or parapet wall above the cornice carries the stores title in escutcheons centered on either street face. While the entire scheme is conservative, especially in consideration of its late date, it is a generally well-preserved and well-crafted part of the aggregation of fireproof tall buildings dating from the 1910s and 1920s which distinguishes Portland&#39;s central business district.</p><br>
<p>The Daniel J. Malarkey House is a historic house located in Portland, Oregon. It was the home of noted legislator and trial lawyer Dan Malarkey  from its construction in 1909 until his death. Associated with Progressive causes, Malarkey presided over the Oregon Senate during its 1913 session, when the legislature passed landmark bills establishing a minimum wage and regulating public utilities. In private legal practice, he played a key part in the ultimately successful battle against the 1922 Oregon School Law.</p><br>
<p>The house was designed by Portland-based architect Joseph Jacobberger (1867–1930), who became noted as one of the leading architects of the Pacific Northwest during his long career (1890–1930).</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1993.</p><br>
<p>The Morris Marks House is a house located in southwest Portland, Oregon listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is located in the Goose Hollow neighborhood, just southwest of downtown Portland. Designed by Portland architect Warren Heywood Williams in an Italianate style, the house was built for Morris Marks, a Portland shoe merchant of Polish descent, in 1882. It was originally located at S.W. 11th Avenue and Clay Street, but in the early 1900s was moved to 1501 S.W. Harrison Street, where it has remained ever since.</p><br>
<p>Prior to owning this house, Marks owned another house in Portland that was also designed by Warren Williams, also in an Italianate style, but was somewhat smaller. It was built in 1880. That house, once located at 1134 S.W. 12th Avenue in downtown Portland, but cut in half and moved to a very small lot at S.W. Broadway and Grant in 2017, has been vacant and boarded-up for several years, and is not listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>The Multnomah Hotel, located in downtown Portland, Oregon, United States, is a historic hotel building listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It currently operates as the Embassy Suites Portland - Downtown.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The 700-room hotel was built by local entrepreneur Philip Gevurtz and opened on February 8, 1912. The nine-story building filled an entire city block. It was operated by Western Hotels, now known as Westin Hotels & Resorts, from 1931 until it closed in 1963. At the time of its closure, The Oregonian wrote that the Multnomah had been "one of the most famous hotels on the Pacific Coast". reopening in 1997 as the Embassy Suites Portland - Downtown.</p><br>
<h2>Famous guests</h2><br>
<p>The hotel has hosted Queen Marie of Romania, Charles Lindbergh, Rudolph Valentino, Jimmy Stewart, Bing Crosby, Jack Benny and every president from Theodore Roosevelt to Richard Nixon.</p><br>
<p>The Portland Yamhill Historic District, located in downtown Portland, Oregon, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>From 1914 to 1934, the area included part of the Carroll Public Market.</p><br>
<p>The area covered, between the commercial center of Portland and the Willamette River, is within a 22-block section destroyed in the Great Fire of 1873; it includes the Northrup and Blossom-Fitch Building (1858) from before the fire. Rebuilding after the fire got into "full swing" in 1878; the district includes 17 Italianate-style buildings built between 1878 and 1887.</p><br>
<p>Selected buildings in the district include:</p><br>
<p>Rensselaer Block, built by W.S. Ham</p><br>
<p>Strowbridge building, an Italianate masonry building</p><br>
<p>Moy Building (1910). the six-story Chicago School-style, also known as the Bellevue Hotel.</p><br>
<p>H.W. Corbett Building, 124 SW Yamhill</p><br>
<p>The Anna P. Bolling Junior High School is an American educational institution in Petersburg, Virginia, built in 1926 and listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1998.</p><br>
<p>The school building was designed by architect Charles M. Robinson and is considered to be an "impressive example" of Second Renaissance Revival architecture.</p><br>
<p>The school was named for Anna Peyton Bolling, who started as a high school teacher in Petersburg when the city&#39;s public schools were established and served as the high school principal from 1876 to 1907. The school that was named for her was used as a school until 1974, after which time it housed city offices, then became vacant. As of 1998 it was being converted to become moderate-income apartments.</p><br>
<p>The Pezhma  is a river in Vozhegodsky and Verkhovazhsky Districts of Vologda Oblast and in Konoshsky and Velsky Districts of Arkhangelsk Oblast in Russia. It is a left tributary of the Vaga River. It is 137 km long, and the area of its basin 1,450 km&sup2;. Its main tributary is the Semzhenga .</p><br>
<p>The source of the Pezhma is in the northern part of Vozhegodsky District. The Pezhma initially flows east, a stretch of its course forms the border between Vozhegodsky and Konoshsky districts. Eventually, it turns south-east, departures from the border, and enters Verkhovazhsky District. Downstream from the village of Nikolskaya, the valley of the Pezhma is populated. In Nikolskaya, the Peshma turns north-east. At the border between Vologda and Arkhangelsk Oblasts, the Pezhma accepts from the left its major tributary, the Semzhenga. In the village of Nikiforovo the river turns east and eventually south-east. The mouth of the Pezhma is located upstream from the town of Velsk and from the mouth of the Kuloy.</p><br>
<p>The Pezhma, as is characteristic of the rivers in the Russian North, flows in coniferous forests (taiga), and villages in the valley are grouped in the openings of the forest close to each other. These groups can be separated by relatively large stretches of the river course. Downstream from the village of Yelanskaya in Konoshsky District, the valley is open, and the river course is separated from the taiga by meadows and agricultural lands.</p><br>
<p>Tullibody Old Bridge, over the River Devon near</p><br>
<p>Tullibody, Clackmannanshire, Scotland, dates from the early 16th century. Disused after 1915, it was restored for use by walkers and cyclists in 2003.</p><br>
<h2>Sixteenth century</h2><br>
<p>Clackmannanshire Councils public information board (see references) names Robert Spittal, the court tailor to James IV and a local philanthropist, as the person probably responsible for the bridges construction. (A Robert Spittal was also tailor to Mary Queen of Scots and responsible for the Brig o&#39;Teith over the River Teith at Doune.)</p><br>
<p>Tullibody Old Bridge was built early in the 16th century, constructed of rubble with some ashlar and was designed to impede the rapid transit of horse traffic. The plan shows two opposed bends.</p><br>
<p>With two main arches and three flood arches to the west, its great length (442 ft or 134.7m) probably reflects the difficulty in crossing the flood plain at this point.</p><br>
<p>The eastern arch was demolished, by William Kirkcaldy of Grange in January 1560, to hamper French troops during the regency of Mary of Guise the mother of Mary, Queen of Scots. The French commander Henri Cleutin improvised a bridge using timbers from the roof of the nearby Tullibody Old Kirk, and carried on from Fife to Stirling. A more permanent repair was made in 1560.</p><br>
<h2>Seventeenth century</h2><br>
<p>In the 17th century the bridge was often in a ruined state but was repaired several times with funds raised by tolls levied on users. In 1697 Thomas Bauchop, a mason, received a contract for repairs from the Earl of Mar. In that year he or his son, Alloa Master Mason Tobias Bauchop, built a new eastern arch and inserted iron ties.</p><br>
<h2>Recent history</h2><br>
<p>The Old Bridge went out of use in 1915 in favour of a lattice steel girder bridge, Downie&#39;s Bridge, built a short distance to the north to carry the A907 road. In 1999 the A907 was re-routed over the present concrete structure and the steel bridge, long neglected, was demolished in 2003.</p><br>
<p>In January 2003, Clackmannanshire Council began restoring the Old Bridge and performed vegetation clearance, resurfacing and structural repairs to the masonry in accordance with conditions laid down by Historic Scotland. The project was completed in January 2005 and Tullibody Old Bridge now forms part of the National Cycle Network in Clackmannanshire.</p><br>
<p>It is protected as a Category A listed building, and was a Scheduled Ancient Monument, but its Ancient Monument dual designation was removed in 2016.</p><br>
<p>La Centinela is an archaeological site in Peru which was an active administrative center during both the Inca and pre-Inca periods.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>La Centinela was the Incan capital of the kingdom of the Chincha. It is "an unusual site in that it is one of the very few places where the Incas incorporated a major state installation into a preexisting, and still functioning, non-Inca capital." In 1958, Dwight T. Wallace discovered a system of straight roads emanating from La Centinela, suggesting a highly centralized pre-Incan administration.</p><br>
<h2>Site</h2><br>
<p>La Centinela lies about 200 km south of Lima in the Chincha Valley and about 1 km away from the Pacific Ocean and is surrounded by irrigated agricultural land. This means that the residents of La Centinela exploited plant, animal and marine resources</p><br>
<p>There are 11 well-defined pyramid structures and minor buildings constructed by adobe bricks. There are examples of adobe walls decorated using the technique of Champlevé.</p><br>
<p>A black and red on white geometric painting can be found within the principal Inca building.</p><br>
<p>Salem Veteran Affairs Medical Center  is one of the largest VA hospitals located at 1970 Roanoke Blvd. Salem, Virginia 24153. Since 1934 VAMC in Salem has been improving the health of the men and women who have so proudly served the United States. Health care services have been provided to more than 112,500 veterans living in a 26-county area of southwestern Virginia. Salem VAMC provided community-based outpatient clinics. In addition to the main facility in Salem, there are affiliated services in three community-based outpatient clinics. These clinics are located in Danville, Hillsville, Lynchburg, and Tazewell, Virginia.</p><br>
<h2>Roanoke Veterans Administration Hospital Historic District</h2><br>
<p>The Roanoke Veterans Administration Hospital Historic District is a national historic district encompassing 34 contributing buildings, 2 contributing sites, 17 contributing structures, and 1 contributing object. Construction began on the Roanoke (now Salem) VA Hospital in 1934, and various additions were constructed through 1950. The Main Building (1934) is situated on a raised elevation over the front lawn and serves as the focal point of the historic district. Other buildings include the Administration Building (1934), Dining Hall/Attendants’ Quarters (1934), Recreation Building (1934), Colored Patients’ Building (1934), four Continued Treatment Buildings (1938, 1941, 1940, 1938), and Neuropsychiatric Infirmary Building (1936) The buildings exhibit the Colonial Revival and Classical Revival architectural styles that were nationally popular at the time. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2012.</p><br>
<p>The Athenaeum is a museum of fine arts in Alexandria, Virginia, United States and home to the Northern Virginia Fine Arts Association. Its building is an important example of Greek Revival architecture. The building has a long history and has served several purposes during its lifetime. The building is now part of the Virginia Trust and was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The land on which the edifice hosting the museum was built belonged to William Fairfax; it was surveyed by George Washington. The building was constructed between 1851 and 1852 at the intersection of Lee and Prince streets to serve as the office of the Bank of the Old Dominion, where it is reported that Robert E. Lee had an account. The bank was at the head of the Captains&#39; Row, a block of 18th-century buildings that still face the cobblestone street.</p><br>
<p>The Bank of the Old Dominion operated at the site until the Civil War, when Alexandria was occupied by the Union forces and the building became the abode of the USA Commissary Quartermaster. The Bank of the Old Dominion closed its doors in 1862, but the building again hosted a bank, this time the First Virginia Bank, in the years from 1870 to 1907. In 1907 the building started to be used by the pharmaceutical wholesalers Leadbeater and Sons, one of the oldest Alexandria firms. In 1925 the property passed to the Free Methodist Church of North America, which used it until 1964, when the Northern Virginia Fine Arts Association (NVFAA) purchased the building. The NVFAA still owns the property, which is used for several purposes, mainly for fine arts exhibitions, but it is also home to the Washington School of Ballet.</p><br>
<p>The Athenaeum is part of the Virginia Trust and is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The building, also known as the Old Dominion Bank Building, is one of the few privately owned buildings in Alexandria open to the public and thus depends largely on community donations for its survival.</p><br>
<p>The St. James Lutheran Church is a church and historic church building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, United States.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The congregation was founded in 1889 by missionaries as Portland&#39;s first English-speaking Lutheran church. The first pastor was Rev. M. L. Zweizig. The cornerstone for the present building was laid in May 1907. Many of the original fixtures are still in use in the building, including the marble baptismal font and oak pews. The church grew and thrived through the first half of the 20th century, and in 1956 added an educational annex, with space for classrooms and offices. The church was forced to remove the tower of the main building in 1951 due to structural deterioration. The tower was replaced in 1974 using historic photographs to match the original style and design as far as possible.</p><br>
<p>The St. James building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975.</p><br>
<h2>Ministries</h2><br>
<p>Today St. James is a member of the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America and draws members from a 30-mile radius because of its unique programs and traditional liturgy. In addition, it is home to a yearly series of concert vespers featuring the church cantatas of Johann Sebastian Bach embedded into a worship service, as they were originally designed to be performed.</p><br>
<p>The Stevens Building is a commercial and office building located in downtown Portland, Oregon, listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The 12-story building was designed by Whidden & Lewis. The design is similar to the Failing Office Building  and Wilcox Building , also by Whidden & Lewis. Construction began in August 1913 and was completed in 1914, with the building opening on May 1, 1914.</p><br>
<p>Most of the buildings original tenants were doctors and dentists and their patient clinics, and the buildings design was adapted for that use. The building was renovated in 1954 to designs by architect Pietro Belluschi.</p><br>
<p>In 2008, it was purchased by the Church of Scientology for $5.38 million, with the expectation of becoming the headquarters for its Portland chapter. In 2010, they bought the Sherlock Building, also located in downtown Portland, having discovered that the Stevens Building would be too expensive to renovate for their purposes. The Church sold the building in October 2013 for $4.35 million to Arthur Mutal Investments LLC, who were reported to be planning to turn it into a hotel.</p><br>
<h2>Tenants</h2><br>
<p>As of September 2011, one of the ground-floor tenants of the building is Finnegan&#39;s Toys & Gifts, who moved to 820 SW Washington Street after occupying the Blanchard Building at 922 SW Yamhill Street since 1981.</p><br>
<p>The United States National Bank Building in downtown Portland, Oregon, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Designed by famed Portland architect A. E. Doyle in a Roman classical style, the four-story buildings first section, facing Sixth Avenue, was completed and opened in 1917. An extension westward to Broadway, approximately doubling its size, was constructed in 1925. Since then the building has occupied one-half of a city block. It features a four-story-high colonnade of Corinthian order columns at its eastern end, originally the principal façade, and extensive use of glazed terracotta. The interior is also decorated extensively with highly textured materials. The building was constructed for the United States National Bank of Portland , which ultimately became part of USA Bancorp, whose retail banking division operates as USA Bank. In 2017, 100 years after the buildings opening, it continues to serve as the bank&#39;s main Portland branch.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The United States National Bank of Portland, the predecessor of present-day USA Bancorp, was established in Portland in 1890, opening for business in February 1891. During the following three decades, the bank experienced significant growth. It weathered the Panic of 1893 better than many of its competitors, and later acquired some of the competing Portland banks, including the Ainsworth National Bank (in 1902), the Wells Fargo Bank (in 1905), and the Lumbermen&#39;s National Bank (in 1917). With the 1902 acquisition, USA National Bank moved its headquarters into a larger space formerly occupied by Ainsworth National, in the Ainsworth Building, then located at S.W. Third and Stark streets in downtown Portland. By the 1910s, the bank had outgrown its space. The firm purchased a quarter-block of land at the northwest corner of Sixth and Stark streets in early 1916 and hired Portland architect A. E. Doyle to design a new, dedicated headquarters building.</p><br>
<p>Construction began in 1916 and was completed in 1917; the building opened to the public on July 30, 1917. Although the building now extends a full block along Stark Street, with entrances on both 6th Avenue and Broadway, it originally faced only 6th Street (now 6th Avenue) and extended only about halfway to Broadway.</p><br>
<p>In 1922 (another source says 1920), the bank purchased the building that had occupied the quarter-block immediately to the west from the Elks organization which would allow the 1917 bank building to be expanded west to Broadway. (The Elks were preparing to move to a new building elsewhere in downtown.) Originally, a new 24-story building was planned for the site, but the bank ultimately decided to expand its existing building, keeping the same design and height for the new section. Shortly after demolition of the old Elks Building in early 1924, construction of the bank building&#39;s expansion began. which had been established in 1859, and was the first financial institution in the Pacific Northwest. This acquisition made USNB "the largest financial institution north of San Francisco and west of Minneapolis".</p><br>
<p>In 1946, USA National purchased the Wells Fargo Building (since 1922 known as the Porter Building), a multistory office building located directly adjacent, immediately to the north, to expand its downtown Portland headquarters. United States National Bank of Portland changed its name to United States National Bank of Oregon in 1964. By 1970, the bank was operating 119 branches. The first of these was a seven-story building (the USA Bank Plaza, at 5th & Oak), completed in 1974. But the headline structure was the USA Bancorp Tower, a 42-story building that opened in 1983 (having already been part of the bank&#39;s long-term site plans in 1970, Notwithstanding this major expansion, the firm continued to own and use its landmark 1917 building, which company president LeRoy Staver, in a 1970 Oregonian article, called "a jewel of a banking property and one that will never be duplicated".</p><br>
<p>In a 1979 article, The Oregonian wrote that, "The 1917-vintage USA National Bank, 321 S.W. Sixth Avenue, retains nearly all its original features, inside and out, a rare trait among Portland landmarks." The USA National Bank of Oregon was honored by the Portland Historical Landmarks Commission in that year for its longstanding commitment to maintaining the building in nearly original condition.</p><br>
<p>The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986, which provides consumer banking under the USA Bank name. One hundred years after its opening, the 1917-built, 1925-expanded original United States National Bank Building continues to serve as the main branch of USA Bank in Portland in 2017.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<h3>Exterior</h3><br>
<p>The building is five stories tall including a mezzanine level and, after its 1925 expansion, occupies a 100 x area, along the north side of SW Stark Street from Sixth Avenue to Broadway. The eastern façade, facing Sixth Avenue, features six freestanding Corinthian columns, each 54 ft in height. These support a portico that is topped by a large and richly decorated Roman frieze, a cornice and balustrade. Decorations on the cornice include lion heads and palmettes. At the back of the portico, and behind the columns, are two Corinthian pilasters, at the far left and right ends of the façade. Between these are "five vertical bays separated by piers made of coursed, rusticated terra cotta. Window openings are set in cast-bronze frames." The five windows at the second-floor level are topped by cast-bronze segmental pediments. There are three entrance doorways in the three central bays, although originally there was only one. The central entrance features a pair of large bronze doors with highly decorated bas relief panels, surrounded by detailed terracotta, including replicas of early Greek, Roman and USA coins in the decoration framing the door, and a heraldic eagle in a pedimented cornice above the doorway. The bronze relief panels were cast in 1931, replacing the 1917 door panels. Designed by Avard Fairbanks, they "depict noble concepts of American life, such as Knowledge and Service, Domestic Welfare, Progress through Direction, and so on." Fairbanks also designed bronze relief panels for the building&#39;s western façade, built in 1925.</p><br>
<p>The overall exterior design was modeled closely on a 1904 bank building, the headquarters of the Knickerbocker Trust Company, in New York City.</p><br>
<p>The southern façade, along Stark Street, is 200 ft long and features a line of 14 Corinthian pilasters. The 12 window bays on this side have frames made of cast iron. Above the pilasters and fourth-floor windows are a cornice and balustrade with a design similar to that used at the eastern end. The Stark Street side includes one entrance, which was present from 1917, located at what was then the far back corner of the building, but its position became approximately midway along the Stark Street side following the 1925 expansion.</p><br>
<p>At the buildings west end, constructed eight years later and facing Broadway, the façade is similar to the eastern one, but the main body of the building extends to the corners of the lot, and instead of a full-width portico there is a recessed portico with only two columns in the center. Six pilasters line the eastern façade, three to each side of the columns, all topped by Corinthian capitals, the same as on the buildings other two exposed sides. Another difference from the eastern façade is that, on the western façade, "United States National Bank" is inscribed in the central section of the frieze, in place of the rinceau decoration there at the building&#39;s opposite end. Ornamental bronze lanterns flank the central entrance, which features bas relief panels cast in bronze in 1926–27 and designed by Avard Fairbanks. The panels at the western entrance "depict pivotal events in the historical development of the Columbia Basin".</p><br>
<h3>Interior</h3><br>
<p>The ground floor holds the main banking room (the Portland branch of USA Bank), and a grand room measuring 100 x with 30 ft ceilings. The interior is extensively decorated with highly textured materials. Square columns of polished marble topped by Corinthian capitals that incorporate an eagle motif line all four sides of the main public space. The coffered ceiling is intricately detailed. The marble floor is patterned, and the teller windows are divided by Hauteville-marble pillars detailed with bas reliefs. A recessed mezzanine floor runs along the north and south sides, behind the columns. The bank vaults are in the basement, where the public space also has a marble floor.</p><br>
<p>The third and fourth floors are office space, centered around a courtyard. A remodeling of the fourth-floor offices in 1948, based on designs by Pietro Belluschi, incorporated Oregon myrtle in the paneling and custom furnishings. The bank&#39;s board room, located on the third floor, includes a marble fireplace and stained glass windows by the noted Portland company, Povey Brothers Studio. The room is located in the southwest quadrant of the floor, in the 1925-built section, and is 55 x in size. Its walls are covered in dark walnut. Ornamental lighting fixtures with brass wall mountings adorn the east and west ends of the room, and a bronze ring chandelier hangs above the center.</p><br>
<h2>Immediate surroundings</h2><br>
<p>At its east end, the United States National Bank Building stands directly across 6th Avenue from another A. E. Doyle-designed bank building, the Bank of California Building, of 1925. The aforementioned buildings Italianate style contrasts sharply with the USA National Bank Buildings classical design. The northbound Portland Transit Mall passes in front of the buildings east end, and during the malls construction in 1976–77 the plain concrete sidewalk there was resurfaced in brick, and street trees were added. MAX light rail trains have passed in front of the building&#39;s east end on 6th Avenue since 2009, following a 2007–08 rebuilding of the transit mall.</p><br>
<p>The University Club , located in downtown Portland, Oregon, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The building was completed in 1913 for the University Club, which in Portland was established in 1898.</p><br>
<p>The idea of organizing a university club in Portland had been initially discussed during a meeting of Yale alumni in a waterfront tavern in December of 1897. The University Club of Portland was formally organized six months later on May 2, 1898 at a gathering in the office of prominent architect and MIT graduate William M. Whidden, who was immediately elected the Club’s first President. Also elected to the first board were L. Allen Lewis of Princeton, Ralph Bisbee from Harvard, and William L. Brewster a graduate of Amherst.</p><br>
<p>The Charter of Organization was signed by 56 alumni, representing 26 American colleges and universities, including the USA Military and Naval Academies, and one representative from the University of Toronto.</p><br>
<p>Graduates of eastern colleges made up the majority of the Charter signers including 11 from Yale, six from Amherst, five each from Harvard and the University of Virginia and four from MIT. The representatives from the western institutions, then in comparative infancy, included two from the University of California, and one each from the University of Oregon, Pacific University, the University of Utah, and Stanford.</p><br>
<p>The first annual meeting of the Club was held in the office of the Multnomah County Republican Club on October 8, 1898. After an evening of food and drink the Initiation fee was set with dues of $1.00 per month.</p><br>
<p>On April 10, 1900, an unfurnished room was leased on the second floor of a building at the north corner of Sixth and Alder Streets.</p><br>
<p>In November 1900, the fourth floor of the building belonging to the Failing Estate at Third Avenue and Washington Streets was leased for the Club rooms. During this, Club activities consisted of luncheons and gatherings at the cocktail hour, along with frequent appearances by famous local musicians and entertainers. When the members wished to have dinner, they went to Quells restaurant at Fourth and Alder for a thick T-Bone steak which cost the princely sum of $.75 cents.</p><br>
<p>The University Club of Portland was eventually incorporated on June 24, 1901 and after a few temporary homes over the next decade, the present site of the Club was purchased in 1912. During this period the beginnings of a Club library emerged and the concerted effort towards establishing an intellectual sanctuary was evident. Finally, the present day building was completed in 1913 for a reasonable $130,000 and the Club found its permanent home.</p><br>
<p>The Club has come a long way in its 100+ years of existence. Over the past century the Club has weathered a Great Depression, a devastating Recession, and five major wars, but there has always been the spirit and the will among officers and members to carry on the best of the Club&#39;s traditions. Alterations and improvements in structure and furnishings have kept pace with the needs of a growing and changing membership. The third and fourth floors, once sleeping rooms are now private dining rooms, offices and storage, and it is rumored that two or three ghosts walk the halls at night.</p><br>
<p>Originally an all-male Club with the occasional event where ladies were included, the University Club became an all-inclusive Club in 1990, voting in our first woman member in January of that year.</p><br>
<p>The Cora Bryant Wheeler House, also known as the Mrs. Coleman H. Wheeler House, is a historic house located in Portland, Oregon, United States. Architect A. E. Doyle designed this 1923 Arts and Crafts house to take full advantage of its prominent and demanding ridgetop location. Its complex lines and massing articulating the shape of the hill, and notably including a significant amount of lumber from the Wheelers own timberlands in the Coast Range, the Wheeler House became an important later addition to the portfolio that made Doyle one of Portlands leading architects. Junior partner Pietro Belluschi and apprentice Richard Sundeleaf, each of whom later became a significant architect in his own right, provided on-site construction supervision. The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.</p><br>
<p>Canterbury Castle, also known as Arlington Castle, was a private house located in southwest Portland, Oregon and listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Constructed during 1929–1931, the house was designed by Jeter O. Frye to resemble England&#39;s Canterbury Castle on the exterior and to evoke the Art Deco styling of Hollywood of the 1920s on the interior. The house included castle features such as a moat, drawbridge and turret and attracted paying tourists immediately following its completion.</p><br>
<p>Canterbury Castle, Portlands only castle structure built in the 1930s, was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987. The property was also designated as a Portland Historic Landmark. The house underwent major renovation efforts in the 2000s, but those efforts were not completed, and the house was demolished in 2009 after failing to meet municipal safety codes. The razing of Canterbury made Piggotts Castle the city&#39;s only remaining castle. Canterbury Castle was removed from the National Register of Historic Places in October 2010.</p><br>
<h2>Description</h2><br>
<p>Canterbury Castle was a private 6,000 ft2, three-story house located in Arlington Heights near Washington Park, offering views of downtown Portland. Constructed from basalt stone quarried from Rocky Butte, the house featured characteristics of a castle such as a moat, a drawbridge and a copper-topped turret. The wooden drawbridge covered a moat seven feet wide by more than three feet deep. A single-car garage, built into the hillside, was constructed during the same time as the house. The concrete foundation supported a rectangular ground plan. Canterbury featured "buttressing wing walls, cylindrical corner bays and a crenellated parapet of uncut stone". Round, arched and straight-topped frameless windows were often fitted with steel sashes. Doorways were also frameless, narrow and round or parabolic in shape. Doors had wrought iron hinges, handles and lock plates. The leaded glass slit window at the stair towers top level featured a spiderweb pattern, a signature element of castle designer Jeter O. Fryes work. Windmill palms surrounding the property added to its exotic appearance.</p><br>
<p>The Art Deco-style interior, meant to evoke a 1920s Hollywood style, featured mahogany woodwork, tile floors and chandeliers. The inside also contained Spanish-style white stucco, spiral staircases and wrought iron features including stair rails, built-in cabinetry door and window hardware and lighting fixtures. The house included a basement pool (which eventually closed due to water leaks), a stone fireplace 10 ft in width, and small square windows. Also in the basement were the furnace, a storage room, and spaces for laundry and billiards. The main floor housed the garage, a kitchen and breakfast bay, the living and dining rooms and a music room. The master bedroom was adjacent to a deck above the dining and music rooms at the southwest corner of the property. Fireplaces and hallway floors featured brown ceramic tile; black glazed ceramic tile was used in the master bathroom, while black, red and yellow tiles were used in the breakfast bay. One of the castles bathrooms was said to be modeled on Charlie Chaplins. The interior was arranged around a central stair tower capped with a conical roof clad in copper. Chimneys vented the centrally located furnace and rose from fireplaces in the house&#39;s west hall.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Canterbury Castle was designed by Jeter O. Frye and constructed between 1929 and 1931. Immediately following construction, Frye was unable to sell the house and left Portland in bankruptcy to resume his career in California. Visitors immediately showed interest in touring the house. The castle attracted paying tourists and school groups, became a stop on the Washington Park bus tour and hosted Halloween parties for a local radio station. The house became known as Canterbury Castle over time due to the plat and name of the street on which it was situated. The terraced garden was eliminated in the 1950s when a portion of the land was sold. The property was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987 under the ownership of Dale and Karen Bernards, who had submitted an application for listing one year prior.</p><br>
<p>Sidney Lynne and John Hefferin purchased the house for $469,900 in 2004 after it had been unoccupied for more than a year. By then, the structure had developed leaks and displayed cracks along the foundation, walls and ceiling. In 2006, a falling tree caused stones to break away, damaging the houses main gas line. The couple spent $200,000 over four years to reinforce the walls. Lynne and Hefferin also constructed exterior stairs and an underground retaining wall. However, the renovation process was not completed, as they were unable to pay for all repairs required by the city, which had issued $20,000 in fines on the property. The couple also struggled to pay for costly landslide prevention efforts, rising property taxes and high heating bills. Canterbury Castle was listed for sale in the summer of 2008 for $2 million. Lynne invited local interior design students and contractors to upgrade the houses interior, without success. The couple left the house in January 2009, and ownership was turned over to JPMorgan Chase. Lynne began a "one-woman crusade" to save the castle, seeking assistance from Portland City Commissioner Randy Leonard and from home improvement expert and This Old House host Bob Vila. In February 2009, the city&#39;s bureau of development services found that unstable soil and the risk of stones separating from sheeting underneath posed a landslide risk. The property had missing stones and thick cracks several feet long, which presented hazards to residents and the street below. Rumors of demolition began to surface in March 2009.</p><br>
<p>In April 2009, the house was purchased by Robert Stansel, who had lived next door to the house for several years, at a foreclosure auction for $280,000. Demolition began in May 2009; the house was considered "structurally unsound" by the local government, a determination that permitted demolition despite the houses listing on the National Register of Historic Places. Lynne said of the house and its demolition: "Its totally like a death and completely unnecessary. It&#39;s a magical property that invokes hope and imagination in people. We had a really great time with it." Residents shared mixed feelings about the demolition. Stansel was able to salvage 21 tiles with neo-Aztec designs. In 2009, The Oregonian reported that Stansel would wait until the economy and housing market improved before deciding whether to sell the land or build a new structure.</p><br>
<p>Canterbury Castle was removed from the National Register of Historic Places on October 13, 2010. The demolition of Canterbury Castle made Piggotts Castle in southwest Portland the last remaining castle in the city. The property had also been listed as a Portland Historic Landmark and was the citys only castle structure constructed in the 1930s. Two stones from Canterbury Castle serve as steps in the zen garden of Stansel&#39;s home in East Hampton, New York.</p><br>
<p>The Albers Brothers Milling Company building is a historic mill and contemporary office building located on the banks of the Willamette River in Portland, Oregon, United States. In the early decades of the 20th century, the German-immigrant Albers brothers built the largest flour and feed milling enterprise on the West Coast, headquartered in Portland and comprising operations in four states. This combined milling, warehousing, shipping, and office facility, built in 1909–1911, is the oldest remaining flour or feed mill in the city. The silos built into the south elevation of the building are painted with representations some of the mill&#39;s products as advertisements.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984. It was unoccupied at that time, as the milling company had already left.</p><br>
<p>Albers was also well known in the San Francisco Bay Area for its prominent grain elevator and neon sign located at the foot of the ferry pier ("mole") of the Southern Pacific in Oakland, now the site of the Port of Oakland container ship facilities.</p><br>
<p>The Meier & Frank Delivery Depot, located in northwest Portland, Oregon, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Built for Portland retailing company Meier & Frank, the building was designed by Sutton & Whitney and constructed in 1927. From 1986 to 2001, the building was owned by the Oregon Historical Society, for processing of items and storage of its collections.</p><br>
<h2>Post-Meier & Frank usage</h2><br>
<p>In 1986, the four-story building was acquired by the Oregon Historical Society (OHS), to house its collections and process new acquisitions. OHS remodeled the building&#39;s third and fourth floors. and ultimately accepted one. OHS sold the former Delivery Depot for $12.7 million in 2000 and moved to a new warehouse in suburban Gresham during the first half of 2001.</p><br>
<p>The building then entered a long period of disuse. As of October 2007, it had been vacant since the departure of OHS almost seven years earlier.</p><br>
<p>In 2011–12, the building was renovated for use as the new Portland headquarters building of Danish company Vestas Wind Systems, whose USA headquarters had been in Portland since 2002, but at a different location. Gerding Edlen Development Company, of Portland, purchased the building in 2007, and Vestas began leasing it in 2010. The renovations cost $66 million, and the company moved into the building in spring 2012. The company is hoping to receive Platinum LEED certification for the renovated building.</p><br>
<p>The North Bank Depot Buildings, located in central Portland, Oregon, United States, are a pair of buildings formerly used as a freight warehouse and passenger terminal for the Spokane, Portland and Seattle Railway . Formed in 1905, the SP&S was commonly known as the North Bank Road  during the period in which these buildings were in use. The Portland buildings&#39; passenger facilities were also used by the Oregon Electric Railway after that railway was acquired by the SP&S. Located in what is now known as the Pearl District, the buildings were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<h2>Location</h2><br>
<p>The two matching, two-story brick buildings face one another on opposite sides of NW 11th Avenue immediately north of Hoyt Street, the east building being at 1029 NW Hoyt Street and the west at 1101 NW Hoyt. Historically, they were known as the East and West Freighthouses of the Spokane, Portland & Seattle Railway. but alternatively was known by various other names, including North Bank depot, Hoyt Street depot, Hoyt Street terminal, 11th & Hoyt Streets depot, 10th & Hoyt depot, or similar. Each building measures 50 ft by 200 ft.</p><br>
<h2>Background</h2><br>
<p>The SP&S was formed jointly by the Northern Pacific Railway (NP) and Great Northern Railway in 1905, originally as the Portland & Seattle Railway, to build and ultimately operate new railroad lines connecting Portland with Seattle and with Spokane, but was renamed Spokane, Portland & Seattle Railway in early 1908, before opening any track sections. The planned new railroad was commonly referred to as the "North Bank road" (road being short for railroad or railroad line), or North Bank line, East from Portland, the south bank of the Columbia already had a rail line, owned by the Oregon Railroad and Navigation Company (later absorbed by Union Pacific Railroad).</p><br>
<p>By September 1905, Northern Pacific had already acquired the property for the future terminal buildings and rail yard—a strip of land two blocks wide, from 10th to 12th avenues, and stretching north from Hoyt Street to the Willamette River. Construction of the railroad itself began in early 1906. The new company needed freight storage and handling facilities in Portland, and to this end it built the two "freight houses" at 11th Avenue and Hoyt Street, in 1908. SP&S passenger train service was originally expected to terminate at Union Station, located about 1,600 ft to the east, but lengthy negotiations between SP&S and Union Station&#39;s operator, the Northern Pacific Terminal Company, eventually reached an impasse. The Terminal Company was only partially owned by SP&S parent Northern Pacific Railway, and partially by competing railroads. With only a few weeks to go until passenger service to Portland was to be started, it was reported that SP&S would instead equip one of its new freight houses for use as a passenger station, in place of access to Union Station, at least temporarily.</p><br>
<h2>Period of active use</h2><br>
<p>Passenger trains began using the new station—the east building, at 1029 NW Hoyt Street—in November 1908. The west building, used exclusively for freight, came into use at the same time, as SP&S initiated its operations in Portland. Trains operating from this station served routes within the Pacific Northwest, including to Seattle, Spokane and Seaside via Astoria. The Portland–Spokane train, named the Inland Empire Express, connected in Spokane with Great Northern&#39;s Oriental Limited to and from Chicago and was advertised as the "Portland–Chicago" service.</p><br>
<p>SP&S began shifting some of its passenger trains to Union Station in 1920, and additional trains were shifted in 1922, after new platforms and train sheds were constructed at Union Station for this purpose. However, only some trains used Union Station, including the long-distance services to Chicago (which began carrying through sleeping cars, Portland–Chicago, at this time), while other trains continued to use the Hoyt Street station for a time. SP&S inaugurated passenger service between Portland and Vernonia in March 1923, with two round trips per day; a passenger-only train ran to and from Union Station, but a mixed freight-passenger train operated instead from the Hoyt Street station.</p><br>
<p>In 1912, OE was owned by SP&S Electric interurbans departed from this station on journeys west to Hillsboro and Forest Grove, and south through the Willamette Valley to Salem and Eugene.</p><br>
<p>The last OE service to this station operated on June 19, 1931, Just two years later, in May 1933, the Oregon Electric discontinued all its remaining passenger service, becoming exclusively a freight railroad.</p><br>
<p>SP&S was merged with other railroads in 1970 to form Burlington Northern Railroad (BN). The former North Bank Depot Buildings continued to be used by the railroad for freight purposes until the 1980s, and then were vacant for a time, until at least the mid-1990s.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation and conversion</h2><br>
<p>During the course of the 1980s, usage of the railroad yards adjacent to and north of the two now-Burlington Northern-owned warehouses declined to the point of their being nearly vacant. Redevelopment of the area as a mixed-use neighborhood with residential and retail uses was envisioned, and in 1989, the Portland Planning Commission approved a rezoning of a 40 acre tract, along with a master plan to foster such change. By this time, the Glacier Park Company, a property-development subsidiary of Burlington Resources, had taken over the former North Bank Depot Buildings from BN, and it was reported that the new master plan for the area would include renovation of these two Hoyt Street warehouses.</p><br>
<p>In November 1990, Glacier Park sold the 40-acre site to a Portland-based development company, Prendergast & Associates. It was determined that extensive clean-up of contaminated soil from decades of industrial use would be needed before most redevelopment could proceed. Prendergast & Associates were predicting an approximately 20-year timeframe for redevelopment of the entire area of former railyards and associated buildings.</p><br>
<p>The McCullough-Price House is a 1938 pueblo revival home in Chandler, Arizona. The is located in the house.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>It was built as a winter residence for William D. McCullough of Detroit in 1938, but it was acquired by Arthur and Louise Price in 1950. (Louise Price was the niece of Dr. A. J. Chandler, who founded the city named after him.) In 2001, their daughter, Suzanne Price Propstra, donated the home to the city. By this time, it had been vacant and had become run down. Meanwhile, around the pueblo, major development was occurring, as Chandler Fashion Center was under construction (to open in October 2002). The city began to renovate the property into a state-recognized visitors center which opened in 2007 after $850,000 had been spent on improvements. But financial troubles and "fail to connect with an audience" (according to the city museum administrator Jody Crago) forced its closure in 2009. That same year, it was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<p>It reopened in 2011 as an archive research center focusing on local history, office space for museum staffers (moving from the museum in downtown Chandler) and satellite exhibition space.</p><br>
